Bulbophyllum

Family. Orchidaceae.

Origin. Africa, Asia and New Guinea.

Description. Bulbophyllum is the largest genus of orchids, containing nearly 3,000 species of very diverse flowers, scattered throughout the world and growing in a wide variety of conditions. Because the genus is so large, it is difficult to provide general information about it. The genus Bulbophyllum contains an incredible range of vegetative types, from tall plants with thin, reed-like stems, to epiphytes, lithophytes, and even vines. Some species have large succulent leaves, while others are almost leafless and use pseudobulbs for photosynthesis. Inflorescences are upright or pendulous, appearing at the side of the pseudobulb. Flowers are also very variable: with fused petals or simple, single or numerous. Sepals and petals are straight or curved downwards.

The buds of some species of Bulbophyllum emit an unpleasant smell, reminiscent of rotting flesh, while others have a rather pleasant fruity aroma. There are species that open their flowers only at night. The flowers are not very large, typical of orchids, but, like all orchids, have an unusual structure. The shape and size are very diverse, often arranged in a spiral or vertically in 2 rows. The sepals are quite narrow and slightly spotted. The petals are small, tuberculate (warty) up to 8 mm long. A small but rather prominent lip is dark red. The sepals and petals are also very diverse: straight or deflected, can be pubescent.

Height. Varies depending on the type. 

Home care

Temperature conditions

Most species prefer warm temperatures above 20° C. The plant does not tolerate frost.

Flowering time

Most bulbophyllums are constantly blooming - continuously throughout the year.

Lighting

The plant is light-loving. All year round in a bright but not sunny place, shade on a hot summer afternoon. Artificial lighting is welcome. 

How to care

Bulbophyllums are considered moderately difficult orchids to grow. Many species are not suitable for growing as houseplants; most cannot grow without good air circulation. The bushes can grow continuously year-round without any apparent rest period if they are kept moist and fed.

Substrate for orchids

Most bulbophyllums are epiphytes and do not require soil. Some grow in soil rich in organic matter, so before planting this plant, study its species characteristics.

Feeding

About once a month, feed with a balanced fertilizer; plants do not like excess nutrients and tolerate their shortage. During the dormant period, stop feeding.

Air humidity

Plants require high humidity combined with good air movement. Avoid cold drafts. 

Water orchids at home

The soil must be kept moist at all times. Orchids can tolerate drought for short periods of time, but the fine roots may be damaged.

Transplant

The root system is very sensitive and, as a rule, easily damaged. Plants react poorly to violation of the integrity of the roots and suffer for a long time. Try to replant only when necessary - before the onset of the active growth phase. 

Reproduction

Reproduction of different species can be vegetative or seed. Many species are propagated by cuttings, especially those that grow on trees. Adult specimens can be divided.

Pests and diseases

Among the harmful insects, plants can be bothered by spider mites and aphids. If a flower is brought outside during the summer months, it may be attacked by snails and slugs.