Phormium

Family. Xanthorrhoeaceae.

Origin. New Zealand.

Description. Phormium are herbaceous perennial plants that form large rosettes of hard, sword-shaped leaves, each of which can reach 2 m in length. Leaf shades range from green to white, yellow, red, burgundy and purple. In summer, tall flower stalks rise from the rosette, bearing inflorescences - loose panicles consisting of tubular, dark red flowers.

Height. Up to 2.5 m.

Care at home

Temperature conditions

A heat-loving plant that will enjoy the summer heat. During the winter months, a cool dormant period is required at a temperature of 6 - 8 ° C.

Lighting

Well-lit location without direct sunlight during the daytime. Variegated varieties will grow better in bright light. 

Care

Phormium will appreciate being in the fresh air during the warm season.

Substrate

The soil must have good drainage, be nutritious and rich in humus. Adapts well to most soil types and can grow in fairly nutrient-poor soils.

Feeding

During the period of active growth, feed 2 times a month with liquid fertilizers. Stop fertilizing in the fall. 

Purpose

A large decorative foliage species that will require a lot of space to develop. Place the flower in a spacious hall in a large tub.

Flowering time

Rarely blooms indoors.

Air humidity

It tolerates dry air from heated rooms and often does not need spraying at all.

Soil moisture

During the growth period, water phormium generously until the earthen ball is completely soaked. The top layer of soil should have time to dry between waterings. In autumn, the frequency of watering is reduced, and in winter they simply keep the soil barely moist. It is believed that varieties with dark-colored foliage are less resistant to drought. 

Transfer

Every year, in spring, as the flower grows, transplant it into a larger pot. For large adult specimens, which are difficult to transplant, the top layer of soil is replaced with fresh substrate every year.

Reproduction

Propagated by dividing large bushes during transplantation. Seeds that are sown in spring.

Pests and diseases

Leaf spotting, rotting in the presence of excess moisture.  Plants can be attacked by mealybugs, scale insects, false scale insects, and spider mites. 

Note

Locals use the fibrous leaves to weave baskets and ropes, as well as to make clothing.